Concise Chemical Thermodynamics
by:
A.P.H. Peters, J.R.W. Warn
The first edition of Concise Chemical Thermodynamics proved to be a very popular introduction to a subject many undergraduate students perceive as a difficult topic, because it presented thermodynamics with practical chemical examples in a way that used little mathematics.
In this second edition the text has been carefully revised to ensure the same approach is maintained. Students are led to an understanding of Gibbs free energy early on, and the concept is demonstrated in several different fields. The book includes discussions of experimental equilibrium data, an introduction to electrochemistry, a brief survey of Ellingham diagrams, and a treatment of entropy without reference to the Carnot cycle. A new chapter on computer-based methods in thermodynamics has been added to reflect current technological trends and practices.
Thermodynamic data has been revised in light of information provided by the work of the Scientific Group Thermodata Europe, to ensure that the symbols and units reflect the latest IUPAC rules. In addition, the problems and examples have been updated, replaced, and amplified to reflect current understanding and concerns. Undergraduate students of chemistry will find this an ideal introduction to chemical thermodynamics.
Contents:
ENERGY
The Realm of Thermodynamics
Setting the Scene: Basic Ideas
Forms of Energy and Their Interconversion
References
Problems
THE FIRST LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS
Statement of the First Law
A New Function - Enthalpy
Uses and Conventions of ?H
References
Problems
THERMOCHEMISTRY
Calorimetry
Concepts of Heat Capacity
Bond Energies
References
Problems
SPONTANEOUS CHANGES
Everyday Processes
Exothermicity: A Possible Criterion
The Second Driving Force
Problems
ENTROPY
Measurement of Entropy
Absolute Entropies
The Direction of Time
Problems
FREE ENERGY: THE ARBITER
Processes in Isolated Systems
Gibbs Free Energy, G
Gibbs Free Energy and Maximum Work
Some Processes in Terms of Gibbs Free Energy
Standard Free Energy Changes
References
Problems
CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM
Preamble
Variation of G with Gas Pressure
The Active Mass of Pure Liquids and Solids
Activity of Materials in Solution
A Summing Up: Activity as a Unifying Concept
Practical Aspects of Activity
Equilibrium and the Reaction Isotherm
References
Problems
EQUILIBRIUM EXPERIMENTS AND THEIR INTERPRETATION
The Reaction Isochore Equation
Applications of the Isochore Equation
The Clapeyron Equation
References
Problems
ELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS
Electrochemical Cells
Cell Energetics
Standard Electrode Potentials
Variation of Cell E.M.F. with Activity
Variation of E.M.F. with Temperature
Fuel Cells
References
Problems
FREE ENERGY AND INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES
Free Energies as a Function of Temperature
The Synthesis of Ethanol
Ellingham Diagrams
References
Problems
COMPUTATIONAL THERMOCHEMISTRY
Calculation of an Adiabatic Flame Temperature
Precipitation of Carbide and Nitride Phases from Dilute Solution in Alloy Steel
CVD Production of Ultra-pure Silicon
Processing of Wastes from the Aluminum Electrolytic Furnace
References
Suggested Further Reading
Appendices
Answers to Problems
Index
size: 2.75 MB
